Fundamentals of Nursing - Concept, Scope, Ethics and principles of Nursing | Mock Test | Staff Nurse | Guides Academy

Fundamentals of Nursing - Concept, Scope, Ethics and principles of Nursing | Mock Test | Staff Nurse | Guides Academy

FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING - Concept, Scope, Ethics and Principles of Nursing, History of Nursing in India, Health Care Agencies

Fundamentals of Nursing form the foundation of nursing practice, focusing on the essential knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to provide safe and effective patient care.

Concept: Nursing is a science and an art that involves promoting health, preventing illness, restoring health, and alleviating suffering. It is patient-centered and based on a holistic approach that addresses physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs.

Scope: The scope of nursing includes health promotion, illness prevention, care of the sick, rehabilitation, and palliative care. Nurses work in diverse settings like hospitals, communities, schools, and homes, serving individuals across all age groups.

Ethics: Nursing ethics guide professional conduct. Key ethical principles include confidentiality, autonomy, beneficence (doing good), non-maleficence (avoiding harm), and justice. Nurses are expected to act with integrity, compassion, and respect for human dignity.

Principles: The core principles of nursing include individualized care, cleanliness, observation, communication, documentation, safety, and continual learning. These principles ensure quality care, patient satisfaction, and professional accountability.


Time: 15:00
According to the International Council of Nurses (ICN), what is the fundamental concept of nursing?
[a] Assisting the physician in diagnosing and treating diseases.
[b] Assisting the individual, sick or well, in activities contributing to health or recovery that they would perform unaided if they had the strength, will, or knowledge.
[c] Managing the administrative and logistical tasks of a hospital ward.
[d] Focusing solely on the physical and biological aspects of an illness.
The ethical principle that requires a nurse to "do no harm" and to protect patients from harm is known as:
[a] Beneficence
[b] Autonomy
[c] Justice
[d] Non-maleficence
Which organization is the primary regulatory body for nursing education and practice in India, responsible for setting standards and syllabi?
[a] The Trained Nurses' Association of India (TNAI)
[b] The Indian Nursing Council (INC)
[c] The Indian Medical Association (IMA)
[d] Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Which international health agency, a specialized agency of the United Nations, is concerned with international public health?
[a] UNICEF
[b] Indian Red Cross Society
[c] World Health Organization (WHO)
[d] The World Bank
When a nurse ensures that a patient fully understands a procedure and has the right to refuse it, the nurse is upholding which ethical principle?
[a] Justice
[b] Fidelity
[c] Autonomy
[d] Veracity
The establishment of the first school of nursing in India in 1871 is credited to which city?
[a] Calcutta (Kolkata)
[b] Bombay (Mumbai)
[c] Delhi
[d] Madras (Chennai) at Government General Hospital
The fourfold scope of nursing practice includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, restoration of health, and:
[a] Financial management of care
[b] Alleviation of suffering
[c] Conducting advanced research
[d] Prescribing medications
Which national-level body in India is the primary policymaker for health and family welfare in the country?
[a] Indian Nursing Council
[b] Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
[c] NITI Aayog
[d] Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
The principle of "Beneficence" in nursing ethics means:
[a] Being truthful to the patient.
[b] Respecting the patient's privacy.
[c] Taking positive actions to help others or "doing good."
[d] Treating all patients fairly.
The Trained Nurses' Association of India (TNAI), formed in 1908, is a:
[a] Government regulatory body.
[b] National professional organization for nurses.
[c] International funding agency.
[d] A university offering nursing degrees.
UNICEF is an international agency that primarily focuses on providing humanitarian and developmental aid to:
[a] The elderly population
[b] All adults in developing countries
[c] Governments for infrastructure projects
[d] Children and mothers
A nurse's duty to protect a patient's personal health information is known as:
[a] Advocacy
[b] Confidentiality
[c] Accountability
[d] Veracity
The Bhore Committee Report of 1946 was a significant milestone in Indian healthcare history, primarily because it:
[a] Established the Indian Nursing Council.
[b] Focused only on improving nursing salaries.
[c] Laid a comprehensive plan for the development of primary health centers (PHCs) in rural India.
[d] Banned all traditional medicine practices.
When a nurse speaks up for the rights and best interests of their patient, especially when the patient cannot speak for themselves, they are acting in the role of an:
[a] Educator
[b] Administrator
[c] Advocate
[d] Researcher
Which of the following is an example of a voluntary (non-governmental) health agency operating in India?
[a] The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
[b] A Primary Health Centre (PHC)
[c] The Indian Red Cross Society
[d] The World Health Organization
The ethical principle of "Justice" in a healthcare context refers to:
[a] Giving care only to those who can pay.
[b] Treating all patients exactly the same, regardless of their needs.
[c] The fair and equitable distribution of healthcare resources and care.
[d] Following the law without exception.
Florence Nightingale's influence was pivotal to the development of modern nursing in India, primarily through her emphasis on:
[a] Directly founding every nursing school in India.
[b] Providing all the funding for Indian hospitals.
[c] Sanitation, hygiene, and formal training models for nurses.
[d] Inventing penicillin for use in Indian military hospitals.
The concept of "accountability" in nursing means that a nurse is:
[a] Only responsible to the doctor they work with.
[b] Never at fault for any error.
[c] Responsible for the hospital's financial performance.
[d] Answerable for their own actions and professional conduct.
A Primary Health Centre (PHC) is an example of a healthcare agency at which level in India's system?
[a] International
[b] National
[c] Village/Community (grassroots)
[d] State Capital only
Teaching a patient about their new medication, including its purpose and side effects, falls under which nursing role?
[a] Advocate
[b] Educator
[c] Manager
[d] Researcher
The ethical principle of "Veracity" requires the nurse to:
[a] Do good for the patient.
[b] Keep promises to the patient.
[c] Be truthful and honest with the patient.
[d] Respect the patient's choices.
The Military Nursing Service (MNS) in India traces its origins back to the:
[a] Post-independence era in 1950.
[b] Mughal period.
[c] British Indian Army in the late 19th century.
[d] World War II exclusively.
State-level healthcare services in India are primarily managed by the:
[a] World Health Organization
[b] Central Ministry of Health
[c] State Directorate of Health Services
[d] District Collector
The term "holistic nursing care" emphasizes:
[a] Treating only the patient's diagnosed disease.
[b] Treating the patient as a whole person, including their mind, body, spirit, and social context.
[c] Using only alternative and complementary therapies.
[d] Caring for the patient for their whole life.
A nurse participating in a government-run mass immunization campaign in a rural area is primarily contributing to which aspect of the scope of nursing?
[a] Restoration of health
[b] Alleviation of suffering
[c] Prevention of illness
[d] Managing chronic disease

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