Community Health Nursing | Concept of Health and Disease, Primary Health Care, Promotion and Maintenance of Health | Mock Test | Staff Nurse | Guides Academy

COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - Concept of health and disease, Primary health care, Promotion and maintenance of health.

Community Health Nursing focuses on promoting and protecting the health of individuals, families, and communities. The concept of health and disease involves understanding health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and disease as any deviation from this state. Primary health care is the first level of contact between individuals and the health system, emphasizing essential, accessible, and community-based care. Promotion and maintenance of health include activities like health education, immunization, sanitation, nutrition, and lifestyle modifications to prevent illness and improve overall well-being.

Time: 15:00

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), health is defined as:

[a] The absence of any physical disease or infirmity.

[b] The ability to perform daily tasks without getting tired.

[c] A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

[d] A condition where all physiological parameters are within the normal range.

Which of the following is an example of primary prevention in health promotion?

[a] A Pap smear test to screen for cervical cancer.

[b] Physical therapy for a patient recovering from a stroke.

[c] Regular blood pressure checks for a middle-aged adult.

[d] Administering a measles vaccine to a child.

The landmark international conference in 1978 that identified Primary Health Care as the key to attaining "Health for All" was the:

[a] Geneva Convention

[b] Alma-Ata Declaration

[c] Ottawa Charter

[d] Kyoto Protocol

The "health-illness continuum" is a concept that describes:

[a] The two distinct states of being either completely healthy or completely sick.

[b] The process of diagnosing diseases.

[c] Health as a dynamic state that fluctuates on a spectrum from optimal wellness to death.

[d] The list of all known diseases.

Which of the following is a core principle of Primary Health Care?

[a] High-technology interventions

[b] A focus only on curative services in large hospitals.

[c] Equitable distribution and community participation.

[d] Services provided only by specialist doctors.

Screening for high blood pressure at a community health fair is an example of which level of prevention?

[a] Primary prevention

[b] Primordial prevention

[c] Secondary prevention

[d] Tertiary prevention

The mental dimension of health refers to an individual's ability to:

[a] Perform physical exercise without difficulty.

[b] Form meaningful relationships with others.

[c] Think clearly, cope with stress, and adapt to change.

[d] Have a sense of purpose and meaning in life.

Which of the following is considered an essential element of Primary Health Care?

[a] Advanced cardiac surgery

[b] Health education and promotion of food supply and proper nutrition.

[c] Cosmetic procedures

[d] Access to experimental drug trials

What is the best definition of health promotion?

[a] The process of treating existing diseases.

[b] The screening of populations for early disease detection.

[c] The final stage of rehabilitation for chronic illness.

[d] The process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health.

The term "disease" is best described as:

[a] A person's subjective feeling of being unwell.

[b] A pathological condition of the body with a specific set of signs and symptoms.

[c] A state of poor social well-being.

[d] Any deviation from perfect health.

Rehabilitation programs for patients after a serious injury or illness represent which level of prevention?

[a] Primary prevention

[b] Secondary prevention

[c] Tertiary prevention

[d] Primordial prevention

Primary Health Care (PHC) is different from primary care because PHC:

[a] Is only provided by specialist physicians.

[b] Encompasses a broader approach including health promotion, prevention, and community development.

[c] Focuses only on treating the first symptom of a disease.

[d] Is more expensive and technologically advanced.

The social dimension of health is best demonstrated by:

[a] An individual's blood pressure reading.

[b] The ability to run a mile in under 10 minutes.

[c] The ability to solve complex mathematical problems.

[d] An individual's ability to maintain satisfying interpersonal relationships.

The principle of "inter-sectoral coordination" in Primary Health Care means that:

[a] All doctors within a hospital must work together.

[b] The health sector must work with other sectors like education, housing, and agriculture to improve health.

[c] The patient must coordinate their own care.

[d] All health services must be provided in one sector of the city.

Advising a patient to quit smoking and adopt a balanced diet is a key component of:

[a] Tertiary prevention

[b] Pathological diagnosis

[c] Health promotion through lifestyle modification

[d] Advanced surgical intervention

The "subjective" aspect of health refers to:

[a] The results from a blood test.

[b] How an individual personally feels and experiences their own state of well-being.

[c] A doctor's objective diagnosis of a condition.

[d] The definition of health in a textbook.

A key role of the community in Primary Health Care is to:

[a] Remain passive and wait for services to be delivered.

[b] Provide all the funding for the healthcare system.

[c] Elect the doctors and nurses.

[d] Actively participate in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of health services.

Which of these is the best example of maintaining physical health?

[a] Reading books to improve knowledge.

[b] Meditating daily to reduce stress.

[c] Engaging in regular exercise and eating a nutritious diet.

[d] Spending time with friends and family.

A "positive health" concept emphasizes:

[a] Simply not being sick.

[b] Having a positive result on a medical test.

[c] The attainment of a high level of wellness and functioning, not just the absence of disease.

[d] A positive attitude, even when physically ill.

The principle of "appropriate technology" in Primary Health Care suggests that:

[a] Only the most expensive and advanced medical equipment should be used.

[b] Health care methods and technologies should be scientifically sound, adaptable to local needs, and acceptable to the community.

[c] Technology is not important in healthcare.

[d] All health services should be delivered via smartphone apps.

Health education is a vital strategy for health promotion because it:

[a] Guarantees that people will change their behavior.

[b] Is the only thing needed to improve community health.

[c] Allows nurses to make decisions for their patients.

[d] Empowers individuals with knowledge and skills to make informed health decisions.

The spiritual dimension of health is related to:

[a] An individual's income level.

[b] An individual's personal values, beliefs, and sense of purpose in life.

[c] The number of friends a person has.

[d] The person's physical strength and endurance.

Providing an adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation is a fundamental element of:

[a] Tertiary care hospitals

[b] Health insurance policies

[c] Primary Health Care

[d] Secondary prevention

The ultimate responsibility for the day-to-day maintenance of one's own health lies with the:

[a] Government

[b] Doctor

[c] Hospital

[d] Individual

The slogan "Health for All" that emerged from the Alma-Ata conference means that:

[a] All diseases will be completely eradicated from the planet.

[b] Every person will have access to the most advanced medical technology.

[c] Every person should attain a level of health that allows them to lead a socially and economically productive life.

[d] All citizens will be forced to undergo annual health checkups.