Importance and principles of first aid | Mock Test | Staff Nurse | Guides Academy

Importance and principles of first aid, Procedures and techniques in first aid, Transportation of the injured, CPR

First aid is the immediate and temporary care given to an injured or ill person before professional medical help is available. Its importance lies in preserving life, preventing the condition from worsening, and promoting recovery. Principles of first aid include ensuring safety, assessing the situation, giving appropriate care, and seeking medical help. Procedures and techniques involve managing bleeding, fractures, burns, shock, and performing basic life-saving measures. Transportation of the injured must be done carefully to prevent further harm, using stretchers or improvised supports. CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) is a critical first aid technique used in cardiac arrest to maintain blood flow and oxygen supply to vital organs through chest compressions and rescue breaths.

Time: 15:00

What is the primary goal of first aid?

[a] To diagnose the exact medical condition of the victim.

[b] To provide immediate care to a victim to preserve life, prevent the condition from worsening, and promote recovery.

[c] To replace the need for professional medical help.

[d] To transport the victim to the hospital as quickly as possible, regardless of the injury.

The first and most important principle to follow upon arriving at the scene of an accident is to:

[a] Immediately begin chest compressions.

[b] Ask the victim what happened.

[c] Check the scene for any potential dangers to yourself and the victim.

[d] Call the victim's family.

What is the very first step you should take to control severe, life-threatening bleeding?

[a] Wash the wound with soap and water.

[b] Apply a tourniquet above the wound.

[c] Elevate the bleeding limb.

[d] Apply direct, firm pressure to the wound with a clean cloth or dressing.

What is the recommended compression rate for adult CPR?

[a] 60-80 compressions per minute

[b] 100-120 compressions per minute

[c] 130-150 compressions per minute

[d] As fast as you possibly can

The most critical rule when considering moving an injured person is:

[a] Move them quickly to a more comfortable spot.

[b] Always move them, as staying still is dangerous.

[c] Do not move the victim unless they are in immediate danger (e.g., from fire or traffic).

[d] Ask bystanders to help you lift them immediately.

For an adult victim, what is the correct ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths during CPR?

[a] 15 compressions to 2 breaths

[b] 5 compressions to 1 breath

[c] 30 compressions to 2 breaths

[d] 20 compressions to 3 breaths

The universal sign for choking is:

[a] Lying flat on the ground.

[b] Shouting for help.

[c] Vomiting.

[d] Clutching the throat with one or both hands.

What is the recommended first aid for a first-degree burn (e.g., a mild sunburn)?

[a] Apply ice directly to the burn.

[b] Cool the burn with cool (not cold) running water for several minutes.

[c] Apply butter or oil to the burn.

[d] Pop any blisters that form.

In the context of CPR, what does the 'C' in C-A-B stand for?

[a] Call

[b] Circulation

[c] Compressions

[d] Consciousness

You suspect a person has a spinal injury. How should they be transported?

[a] Use a two-handed seat carry.

[b] Have them walk with your support.

[c] They should not be moved; immobilize their head and neck and wait for emergency medical services.

[d] Place them in the recovery position immediately.

What is the primary purpose of chest compressions during CPR?

[a] To restart the heart with an electrical shock.

[b] To manually circulate oxygenated blood to the brain and other vital organs.

[c] To force air into the lungs.

[d] To clear any obstruction from the airway.

Before beginning first aid on a conscious, adult victim, what must you do first?

[a] Check their pulse.

[b] Take their temperature.

[c] Call their emergency contact.

[d] Ask for their consent to help.

For a conscious adult who is choking and cannot cough, speak, or breathe, what procedure should be performed?

[a] Give them water to drink.

[b] Start CPR immediately.

[c] Perform abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver).

[d] Slap them on the face to get their attention.

Which one-person carry is suitable for moving a conscious and cooperative victim a short distance?

[a] The Fireman's Carry

[b] The Human Crutch (or one-person walking assist)

[c] The Chair Carry

[d] The Fore-and-aft Carry

If you find an adult who is unresponsive and not breathing normally, what is the first thing you should do after ensuring the scene is safe?

[a] Give two rescue breaths.

[b] Start chest compressions immediately.

[c] Put them in the recovery position.

[d] Call for emergency help (or have someone else call).

The acronym FAST is used to help recognize the signs of what medical emergency?

[a] A heart attack

[b] A seizure

[c] A stroke

[d] An allergic reaction

When giving first aid for a suspected fracture or sprain, the principle of RICE stands for:

[a] Run, Ice, Call, Emergency

[b] Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

[c] Reassure, Inspect, Care, Evacuate

[d] Remove, Insulate, Cover, Examine

The correct hand placement for performing chest compressions on an adult is:

[a] On the upper abdomen.

[b] On the left side of the chest, directly over the heart.

[c] In the center of the chest, on the lower half of the sternum (breastbone).

[d] On the upper part of the sternum, near the collarbones.

What is the proper first aid for someone who has fainted?

[a] Slap their cheeks to wake them up.

[b] Prop them up into a sitting position immediately.

[c] Have them lie down and, if there are no injuries, elevate their legs.

[d] Pour cold water on their face.

Which of these is a valid reason to stop performing CPR?

[a] After 5 minutes, as it is no longer effective.

[b] As soon as the victim's family arrives.

[c] When you are too exhausted to continue or emergency medical services take over.

[d] If the victim's skin color does not improve.

Which of the "Three P's" of first aid focuses on protecting the victim from further injury, such as by applying a bandage or splint?

[a] Preserve Life

[b] Prevent the condition from worsening

[c] Promote Recovery

[d] Provide Comfort

The two-handed seat carry is a technique used by two rescuers to transport a victim who:

[a] Has a suspected spinal injury.

[b] Is much larger than the rescuers.

[c] Must be carried down a narrow staircase.

[d] Is conscious and can support their own back.

How deep should you push during chest compressions on an adult?

[a] About 1 inch (2.5 cm)

[b] About 4 inches (10 cm)

[c] At least 2 inches (5 cm), but not more than 2.4 inches (6 cm)

[d] The depth does not matter as long as the rate is correct.

For a nosebleed, the victim should be instructed to:

[a] Tilt their head back and pinch the bridge of the nose.

[b] Sit up, lean forward slightly, and pinch the soft part of the nose.

[c] Lie down flat on their back.

[d] Blow their nose forcefully to clear any clots.

An unresponsive victim who is breathing normally should be placed in which position to maintain an open airway?

[a] On their back with legs elevated.

[b] In a sitting position.

[c] On their stomach.

[d] In the recovery position (on their side).