First aid in emergencies – asphyxia, drowning, shock, wounds and blleding, Injuries to the bones, joints and muscles, fractures, sprains, strains, hanging, falls.
Time: 15:00
What is the universal sign for choking or asphyxia that a conscious person will often display?
[a] Waving their arms frantically.
[b] Turning blue around the lips (cyanosis).
[c] Clutching the throat with one or both hands.
[d] Lying down on the floor.
What is the immediate and most important first aid step for controlling severe bleeding from a wound?
[a] Washing the wound with soap and water.
[b] Elevating the injured limb above the heart.
[c] Applying a tourniquet as the first action.
[d] Applying firm, direct pressure to the wound with a clean cloth.
A person is pale, has cool and clammy skin, a rapid weak pulse, and feels anxious. These are classic signs of which emergency condition?
[a] A heart attack
[b] A stroke
[c] Shock
[d] Hypothermia
After safely pulling an unresponsive victim of drowning from the water, what is your first priority?
[a] Perform abdominal thrusts to remove water from the lungs.
[b] Cover the victim with a blanket to prevent heat loss.
[c] Check for breathing and begin rescue breaths/CPR if necessary.
[d] Immediately search for a pulse in the neck.
When providing first aid for a suspected fracture of an arm, you should:
[a] Try to straighten the arm back to its normal position.
[b] Immobilize the joints above and below the suspected fracture site.
[c] Apply heat to the area to reduce pain.
[d] Encourage the person to move the arm to test for pain.
The acronym RICE is a common first aid treatment for sprains and strains. What does the "C" stand for?
[a] Cold
[b] Circulation
[c] Compression
[d] Caution
You find a person who appears to be a victim of hanging. After calling for emergency help, what is the most important immediate action, assuming the scene is safe?
[a] Immediately cut the ligature and remove it from the neck.
[b] Support the person's body weight to relieve pressure on the neck without moving the head.
[c] Lay the person flat on the ground.
[d] Start chest compressions immediately.
A person has fallen from a significant height and you suspect a spinal injury. What is the most appropriate first aid measure?
[a] Help the person sit up to make breathing easier.
[b] Roll the person onto their side into the recovery position.
[c] Hold their head and neck in the position you found them to prevent movement.
[d] Place a pillow under their head for comfort.
Which position is best for a person in shock who does not have a head, neck, or leg injury?
[a] Sitting upright in a chair.
[b] Lying flat on their back with feet elevated 8-12 inches.
[c] In the recovery position (on their side).
[d] In a semi-Fowler's position (head of bed elevated 30 degrees).
What is the correct first aid procedure for a conscious choking infant (under 1 year old)?
[b] Perform a finger sweep of the mouth to find the object.
[c] Administer a series of 5 back blows followed by 5 chest thrusts.
[d] Encourage the infant to cough it out.
A strain is an injury to which type of body tissue?
[a] A bone
[b] A ligament
[c] Cartilage
[d] A muscle or tendon
If a person has an object impaled in their chest, the first aider should:
[a] Pull the object out quickly to stop the bleeding.
[b] Leave the object in place and stabilize it with bulky dressings.
[c] Push the object further in to plug the hole.
[d] Cover the object completely with a tight bandage.
Why are rescue breaths especially critical in the initial resuscitation of a drowning victim?
[a] Because the primary problem is a heart arrhythmia.
[b] Because the victim is always hypothermic.
[c] To warm the victim from the inside out.
[d] Because the primary cause of cardiac arrest is lack of oxygen (asphyxia).
An open fracture is best defined as a fracture where:
[a] The bone is broken in multiple pieces.
[b] The broken bone protrudes through the skin.
[c] The bone is cracked but not completely broken.
[d] There are two separate fracture sites on the same bone.
If direct pressure does not stop severe bleeding from a limb and a tourniquet is not available, the next step is to:
[a] Wash the wound and reapply a new bandage.
[b] Remove the initial dressing to check the wound.
[c] Apply pressure to a pressure point on the limb.
[d] Lower the limb to increase blood flow.
A sprain is an injury involving the stretching or tearing of which structures?
[a] Muscles
[b] Tendons
[c] Ligaments
[d] Nerves
If a person who is choking on a piece of food becomes unconscious, you should first:
[a] Continue to perform abdominal thrusts.
[b] Attempt a blind finger sweep to remove the object.
[c] Carefully lower them to the ground and begin CPR, starting with chest compressions.
[d] Roll them into the recovery position.
What is the correct first aid for a person with a nosebleed (epistaxis)?
[a] Have the person tilt their head backward and pinch the bony part of the nose.
[b] Have the person sit down, lean forward, and pinch the soft part of their nose.
[c] Pack the nostril tightly with cotton or tissue.
[d] Apply a hot compress to the bridge of the nose.
What is the primary reason for not giving food or drink to a person in shock?
[a] It will make them feel colder.
[b] They are not able to digest food properly.
[c] It will raise their blood pressure too quickly.
[d] It poses a choking hazard and they may need surgery.
The main principle of splinting an injury to a bone, joint, or muscle is to:
[a] Allow for continued, gentle movement.
[b] Prevent movement of the injured part to reduce pain and further injury.
[c] Apply pressure directly to the injured area.
[d] Straighten the limb before applying the splint.
When providing first aid for an amputated body part, how should it be handled?
[a] Place it directly on ice to keep it cold.
[b] Wrap it in a clean, moist cloth, place it in a sealed plastic bag, and put the bag on ice.
[c] Submerge it in a container of cold water.
[d] Leave it where it is and focus only on the victim's bleeding.
A person takes a hard fall onto their outstretched hand and now has pain and swelling in their wrist. This type of injury is most likely a:
[a] Strain
[b] Sprain or fracture
[c] Dislocation
[d] Contusion
After a fall, a conscious person is complaining of severe neck pain. What should you do while waiting for help to arrive?
[a] Help them to their feet slowly.
[b] Tell them not to move and continue to talk to them to monitor their condition.
[c] Give them a drink of water to calm them down.
[d] Gently massage their neck to relieve the pain.
If you suspect an arterial bleed from a wound, you would expect the blood to be:
[a] Dark red and flowing steadily.
[b] Bright red and spurting with each heartbeat.
[c] Oozing slowly from the wound.
[d] Mixed with clear fluid.
A person suddenly develops hives, swelling of the face and tongue, and difficulty breathing after being stung by a bee. This is a life-threatening condition known as:
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