History of Bacteriology and Microbiology | Mock Test | Staff Nurse | Guides Academy
History of bacteriology and microbiology, types of microorganisms, normal flora of body, pathogenesis and common diseases, culture and isolation of microbes.
The history of bacteriology and microbiology traces the discovery and understanding of microorganisms—organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye. The field began in the 17th century when Antonie van Leeuwenhoek used a simple microscope to observe “animalcules” (microbes) in water.In the 19th century, Louis Pasteur disproved the theory of spontaneous generation and developed the germ theory of disease, showing that microbes cause infections. Robert Koch further advanced bacteriology by identifying specific bacteria that cause diseases like tuberculosis and cholera, and introduced Koch’s postulates to link microbes with diseases.
The discovery of vaccines, antibiotics, and sterilization techniques followed, revolutionizing medicine and public health. Modern microbiology now includes studies of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and their roles in health, environment, and biotechnology.
Time: 15:00
Who is credited as being the first person to observe microorganisms, which he called "animalcules," using a simple microscope?
Which of the following microorganisms is acellular and cannot replicate without a host cell?
The large population of microbes that live on and in the human body without normally causing disease is known as:
The set of criteria used to prove that a specific microbe causes a specific disease is called:
What is the primary purpose of the Gram stain procedure in bacteriology?
Bacteria are classified as prokaryotes because they lack:
A culture medium that contains ingredients to inhibit the growth of certain microbes while allowing others to grow is called:
The ability of a microorganism to cause disease is known as:
*Staphylococcus aureus* is a common member of the normal flora found on the:
Which scientist is credited with developing the process of pasteurization and disproving spontaneous generation?
A culture containing only a single species or strain of a microorganism is called a:
Strep throat and scarlet fever are common diseases caused by which bacterium?
Fungi, such as molds and yeasts, are eukaryotic organisms characterized by cell walls made of:
The practice of using specific procedures to prevent the contamination of cultures, people, and the environment is known as:
Normal flora can become harmful if they gain access to a different part of the body. In this case, they are referred to as:
What is the most common solidifying agent used in microbiological media to create agar plates?
Bacterial structures like capsules and endospores that help them survive harsh conditions or evade the immune system are known as:
Alexander Fleming is famously credited with the discovery of:
MacConkey agar distinguishes between bacteria based on their ability to ferment lactose, making it what type of medium?
Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotes often classified based on their:
Toxins that are part of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are released when the cell dies are called:
*Candida albicans*, the causative agent of thrush and yeast infections, is a type of:
Joseph Lister's work was crucial in establishing the practice of:
Some bacteria in the human large intestine, such as *E. coli*, are beneficial because they produce:
The influenza virus causes disease by infecting cells of which system?
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