Clinical Pharmacology | Principles | Routes | Effects and Storage of Medications | Medication Errors | Mock Test | Staff Nurse | Guides Academy

Clinical Pharmacology – Principles, routes, effects and storage of medications, medication errors, Broad classification of drugs, systems of drug measurements, dosage calculations, terminologies and abbreviations used in the prescription of medications. Oral and parenteral therapies, advanced techniques epidural, intrathecal, intraosseous, intraperitoneal, intrapleural, intraarterial. Topical administration,direct applications, inhalations, recording and reporting of medications administered.

Time: 15:00

Which organ is the primary site for the metabolism of most medications?

[a] Kidneys

[b] Stomach

[c] Liver

[d] Lungs

What does the medical abbreviation "PO" on a medication order signify?

[a] As needed

[b] By injection

[c] By mouth

[d] After meals

A physician orders 750 mg of a medication. The pharmacy supplies 250 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer?

[a] 2 tablets

[b] 2.5 tablets

[c] 3 tablets

[d] 1.5 tablets

A predictable and often unavoidable secondary effect of a medication at a therapeutic dose is known as a(n):

[a] Allergic reaction

[b] Side effect

[c] Toxic effect

[d] Idiosyncratic reaction

When administering a medication via the intradermal route, the needle should be inserted at what angle?

[a] 90 degrees

[b] 45 degrees

[c] 5 to 15 degrees

[d] 30 degrees

If a nurse discovers a medication error has occurred, what is the first priority?

[a] Complete an incident report.

[b] Notify the prescriber.

[c] Document the error in the patient's chart.

[d] Assess the patient's condition and vital signs.

What is the primary reason enteric-coated tablets should not be crushed?

[a] The coating is designed to protect the stomach from irritation.

[b] Crushing them makes the medication taste bad.

[c] The medication is inactivated by saliva.

[d] It is too difficult to crush them properly.

The order reads "morphine 2 mg IV q4h PRN for pain." What does "PRN" mean?

[a] Give immediately

[b] Give every 4 hours around the clock

[c] Give as needed

[d] Give before meals

A drug used to reduce fever is classified as a(n):

[a] Analgesic

[b] Antihypertensive

[c] Antipyretic

[d] Antiemetic

The nurse must convert a patient's weight from pounds to kilograms to calculate a medication dose. If the patient weighs 154 pounds, what is their weight in kilograms? (1 kg = 2.2 lbs)

[a] 338.8 kg

[b] 154 kg

[c] 70 kg

[d] 65 kg

Which parenteral route provides the fastest absorption of a medication?

[a] Intramuscular (IM)

[b] Subcutaneous (SubQ)

[c] Intradermal

[d] Intravenous (IV)

Controlled substances such as narcotics must be stored in a hospital according to specific protocols, which include:

[a] Keeping them at the patient's bedside.

[b] Placing them in the clean utility room.

[c] Storing them in a locked cabinet or automated dispensing machine.

[d] Allowing any staff member to access them.

Medication administration via the intrathecal route involves injecting the drug directly into the:

[a] Peritoneal cavity.

[b] Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

[c] Bone marrow.

[d] Pleural space.

When applying a new transdermal patch, the nurse should:

[a] Place the new patch in the exact same spot as the old one.

[b] Shave the area with a razor before application.

[c] Remove the old patch, clean the skin, and apply the new patch to a different site.

[d] Write the date and time on the patient's skin next to the patch.

What is the most important information the nurse must document after administering a PRN medication for pain?

[a] The name of the nurse who administered the previous dose.

[b] The patient's vital signs before administration.

[c] The patient's response to the medication (effectiveness).

[d] The reason the patient's family was not present.

A patient is prescribed an inhaler. To improve the delivery of the medication to the lungs, the nurse should recommend the use of a:

[a] Nebulizer

[b] Spacer

[c] Humidifier

[d] Peak flow meter

The intraosseous (IO) route is typically used:

[a] For long-term chemotherapy.

[b] To administer medications that irritate veins.

[c] In emergencies when IV access is not possible.

[d] For routine daily medication administration.

Instilling a medication into the space between the lung and the chest wall is known as which route of administration?

[a] Intraperitoneal

[b] Intraarterial

[c] Epidural

[d] Intrapleural

When is it legally and safely acceptable to document a medication as "given"?

[a] Just before the nurse enters the patient's room.

[b] Immediately after the nurse administers the medication.

[c] At the end of the shift for all medications given.

[d] As soon as the nurse removes the medication from the dispensing system.

The abbreviation "gtt" on a medication order refers to:

[a] Grams

[b] Drops

[c] Grains

[d] Tablets

Administering medication into the peritoneal cavity is known as which route?

[a] Intraosseous

[b] Intrapleural

[c] Intrathecal

[d] Intraperitoneal

The process by which a drug is transported by the bloodstream to its site of action is called:

[a] Absorption

[b] Distribution

[c] Metabolism

[d] Excretion

A medication order reads "Lisinopril 10 mg PO BID". The nurse should administer the medication:

[a] Once a day.

[b] Three times a day.

[c] Four times a day.

[d] Twice a day.

Administering a drug directly into an artery to localize its effect in a specific body region is an example of which route?

[a] Intravenous

[b] Intraarterial

[c] Intraperitoneal

[d] Intrapleural

A nurse is preparing an epidural infusion. What is the most critical safety check for this advanced technique?

[a] Ensuring the medication is at room temperature.

[b] Asking the patient about their pain level.

[c] Verifying the medication is preservative-free and intended for epidural use.

[d] Checking the patient's health insurance coverage.