Social control, social stratification, social problems – prostitution, crime divorce, dowry system, juvenile delinquency, drug addiction, alcoholism, handicapped, over population and slum.
Social control refers to the mechanisms—formal (laws) and informal (customs, norms)—used by society to regulate individual behavior and maintain order. Social stratification is the hierarchical arrangement of individuals in society based on factors like class, caste, gender, or income. Various social problems arise due to breakdowns in social systems or inequalities. These include prostitution, crime, divorce, dowry system, juvenile delinquency, drug addiction, alcoholism, disability/handicap, overpopulation, and slums. These issues affect individual well-being, disrupt community harmony, and place burdens on social institutions like health, education, and law enforcement.
Time: 15:00
What is the primary function of "social control" in a society?
[a] To encourage constant social change and revolution.
[b] To encourage conformity to social norms and regulate the behavior of its members.
[c] To eliminate all forms of social inequality.
[d] To document the history of a society.
A police officer issuing a fine for a traffic violation is an example of what type of social control?
[a] Informal social control
[b] Internal social control
[c] Self-control
[d] Formal social control
"Social stratification" is best defined as:
[a] The process of people moving from one city to another.
[b] The hierarchical division of a society into different layers or strata, such as classes or castes.
[c] The set of laws that govern a society.
[d] A system where everyone in society is equal in every respect.
In sociology, an act that violates a society's formally enacted criminal law is known as a:
[a] Taboo
[b] Norm
[c] Crime
[d] Folkway
The dowry system in India is a social problem primarily because it is strongly linked to:
[a] Increasing female literacy.
[b] Promoting love marriages.
[c] Strengthening the economic status of women.
[d] Financial exploitation and violence against women.
The term "juvenile delinquency" refers to:
[a] All crimes committed by young adults.
[b] The participation in illegal behavior by minors.
[c] The act of adults committing crimes against children.
[d] A type of social work focused on youth.
Sociologically, drug addiction is considered a social problem because:
[a] It is only a personal, moral failing with no wider effects.
[b] It only affects the wealthy.
[c] It has widespread consequences for public health, crime rates, and family stability.
[d] All drugs are legal in most societies.
A densely populated urban area characterized by substandard housing, squalor, and a lack of basic services is known as a:
[a] Suburb
[b] Slum
[c] Gated community
[d] Commercial district
The "social model of disability" argues that disability is caused by:
[a] The individual's physical or mental impairment itself.
[b] A person's lack of willpower.
[c] Societal barriers, negative attitudes, and exclusion by society.
[d] A form of divine punishment.
The increasing rate of divorce in many modern societies is seen as a social change affecting which primary institution?
[a] The economy
[b] The government
[c] The education system
[d] The family
Overpopulation becomes a social problem when:
[a] A country has a very large land area.
[b] The population's size exceeds the region's ability to provide adequate resources and services.
[c] The population is ethnically diverse.
[d] People start having more than one child.
A caste system, as a form of social stratification, is characterized by:
[a] High social mobility based on individual achievement.
[b] Status being determined by one's profession.
[c] Social status being ascribed at birth and being difficult or impossible to change.
[d] The complete absence of social classes.
Which factor is commonly identified as a major driver of prostitution?
[a] High levels of education
[b] Strong family support systems
[c] Gender equality
[d] Poverty and economic desperation
Gossip, ridicule, and social ostracism are powerful tools of which type of social control?
[a] Formal
[b] Informal
[c] Legal
[d] Governmental
Rapid, unplanned urbanization is a major contributing factor to the growth of:
[a] Rural farming communities
[b] Traditional family values
[c] Slums
[d] Social equality
The term for a person's compulsive and excessive use of alcohol, leading to physical, psychological, and social harm, is:
[a] Social drinking
[b] Sobriety
[c] Alcoholism
[d] Prohibition
Social stratification directly leads to inequality in life chances, meaning:
[a] Everyone has an equal opportunity to succeed.
[b] Individuals in lower strata have less access to resources like education and healthcare.
[c] People from higher strata are genetically superior.
[d] Life expectancy is the same across all social classes.
A high crime rate in a community often indicates a breakdown in:
[a] The local economy.
[b] The transportation system.
[c] The mechanisms of social control.
[d] The genetic makeup of the population.
Which of the following is an example of the "social problem" of providing for the handicapped/disabled?
[a] A hospital having too many doctors.
[b] A person choosing not to use their wheelchair.
[c] A public building without a ramp or accessible restrooms.
[d] A person with a disability excelling in sports.
A major reason for rising divorce rates in modern times is:
[a] A decrease in life expectancy.
[b] People getting married at a younger age.
[c] The increasing economic independence of women and changing social norms.
[d] A decline in the overall population.
Despite being illegal in India, the persistence of the dowry system shows that:
[a] The law is not important.
[b] Deeply ingrained social norms can be more powerful than formal laws.
[c] No one in India gets married anymore.
[d] The dowry system is beneficial for women.
"Social deviance" is a concept closely related to social problems and social control, and it refers to:
[a] Any behavior that is considered unique.
[b] Following all social rules perfectly.
[c] The violation of established social norms.
[d] The act of moving up in social class.
Which social problem is NOT typically associated with slum life?
[a] High rates of disease
[b] High crime rates
[c] Poor sanitation
[d] Excellent access to quality education and healthcare
A class system of stratification is different from a caste system because it theoretically allows for:
[a] No social hierarchy.
[b] Social mobility based on individual achievement.
[c] A person's status to be fixed at birth.
[d] Only two distinct social classes.
The feeling of shame or guilt that prevents a person from stealing, even when no one is watching, is a form of:
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