Therapeutic Diet | Diet Modification in relation to th Medical and Surgical Conditions | Mock Test | Staff Nurse | Guides Academy

Therapeutic diet- Diet modifications in relation to the medical and surgical conditions.

Time: 15:00

A nurse is providing dietary education for a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. What is the primary dietary modification the nurse should emphasize?

[a] Increasing intake of simple sugars for energy.

[b] Adopting a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.

[c] Restriction of sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg/day.

[d] Complete elimination of all dietary fats.

A patient is prescribed a clear liquid diet following abdominal surgery. Which of the following items is appropriate for the nurse to offer?

[a] A glass of milk.

[b] A bowl of cream of wheat.

[c] Apple juice and beef broth.

[d] Orange juice with pulp.

For a patient with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) who is not yet on dialysis, a renal diet typically involves the restriction of which nutrients?

[a] Carbohydrates, fiber, and water.

[b] Vitamin C, iron, and calcium.

[c] Protein, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus.

[d] Fats, B-vitamins, and sugars.

A patient with celiac disease must follow a gluten-free diet. The nurse should teach the patient that which of the following foods is a safe choice?

[a] A sandwich on whole wheat bread.

[b] A bowl of barley soup.

[c] Grilled chicken with rice and steamed broccoli.

[d] A pasta dish made with semolina flour.

The primary goal of a consistent-carbohydrate diet for a patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is to:

[a] Eliminate all carbohydrates from the diet to induce ketosis.

[b] Promote rapid weight loss.

[c] Maintain stable blood glucose levels by distributing carbohydrate intake evenly throughout the day.

[d] Increase insulin resistance.

A patient who has had a stroke has residual dysphagia. The speech therapist recommends a "pureed" diet. Which meal tray would be appropriate for the nurse to serve?

[a] A cup of thin chicken broth.

[b] A whole banana and a piece of toast.

[c] Smooth potato puree, apple sauce, and pureed meat.

[d] Ground beef with rice.

A patient with a history of gout is having an acute attack. The nurse should recommend a diet low in purines. Which food should the patient be advised to avoid?

[a] Cherries and berries.

[b] Low-fat milk and yogurt.

[c] Organ meats, sardines, and beer.

[d] Rice, pasta, and bread.

A nurse is caring for a patient with severe heart failure and fluid overload. The therapeutic diet most likely to be prescribed is:

[a] High-calorie, high-protein diet.

[b] Regular diet as tolerated.

[c] Low-sodium diet with a fluid restriction.

[d] High-fiber diet.

During an acute phase of diverticulitis, what type of diet is typically ordered to allow the bowel to rest?

[a] A high-fiber diet.

[b] A high-fat, high-calorie diet.

[c] A clear liquid or low-fiber diet.

[d] A gluten-free diet.

Which food item would differentiate a full liquid diet from a clear liquid diet?

[a] Black coffee.

[b] Gelatin.

[c] A vanilla milkshake.

[d] Cranberry juice.

A patient is in the early post-operative period following bariatric surgery. The nurse's dietary instructions should focus on:

[a] Consuming three large meals per day to stretch the stomach pouch.

[b] Prioritizing high-sugar liquids for quick energy.

[c] Consuming small volumes of high-protein, sugar-free liquids.

[d] Eating solid foods immediately to test the staple line.

To help manage the symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), a nurse should advise the patient to avoid which types of foods?

[a] Lean proteins and whole grains.

[b] Non-citrus fruits and vegetables.

[c] Fried/fatty foods, chocolate, caffeine, and peppermint.

[d] Low-fat dairy products.

A mechanical soft diet is prescribed for a patient. The nurse understands this diet is for patients who have:

[a] An allergy to gluten.

[b] Difficulty swallowing liquids.

[c] Difficulty chewing due to poor dentition or fatigue.

[d] A need to severely restrict fiber intake.

For a patient with liver cirrhosis and ascites, the most critical dietary modification is the restriction of:

[a] Vitamin K.

[b] Calories.

[c] Sodium.

[d] Fiber.

A patient with extensive full-thickness burns is in a hypermetabolic and catabolic state. To promote healing, their therapeutic diet should be high in:

[a] Sodium and fluids only.

[b] Fiber and simple sugars.

[c] Calories and protein.

[d] Fat-soluble vitamins only.

A patient with a new ileostomy should be taught to initially avoid which foods to prevent potential blockage?

[a] White rice, bananas, and applesauce.

[b] Yogurt and smooth peanut butter.

[c] Corn, nuts, seeds, and raw high-fiber vegetables.

[d] Broth, tender fish, and cooked eggs.

A therapeutic diet for a patient with iron-deficiency anemia would focus on increasing the intake of:

[a] Dairy products and bananas.

[b] White bread and pasta.

[c] Red meat, spinach, and foods high in Vitamin C to enhance absorption.

[d] Corn and rice.

A physician has written an order for "NPO after midnight" for a patient scheduled for surgery. The nurse's primary action is to:

[a] Offer the patient a light snack just before midnight.

[b] Provide the patient with a large pitcher of ice water for the night.

[c] Remove all food and fluids from the bedside and inform the patient they can't eat or drink.

[d] Order a clear liquid breakfast tray for the morning.

A cardiac diet, prescribed for a patient with hyperlipidemia, primarily focuses on limiting which nutrients?

[a] Protein and fiber.

[b] Water-soluble vitamins.

[c] Saturated fats, trans fats, and sodium.

[d] Complex carbohydrates.

A nurse is teaching a patient with a history of calcium oxalate kidney stones. The patient should be advised to limit the intake of which foods?

[a] Milk, cheese, and yogurt.

[b] Lean chicken, fish, and turkey.

[c] Spinach, rhubarb, nuts, and tea.

[d] Apples, bananas, and grapes.

A patient's diet has been advanced from a clear liquid to a full liquid diet. The nurse can now offer which of the following?

[a] Broth and Jell-O.

[b] A piece of toast.

[c] Cream of wheat and pudding.

[d] A grilled cheese sandwich.

To promote wound healing in a patient with a stage III pressure ulcer, the nurse should advocate for a diet rich in:

[a] Fats and simple carbohydrates.

[b] Sodium and potassium.

[c] Protein, Vitamin C, and Zinc.

[d] Fiber and fluids.

A patient complaining of gas, bloating, and diarrhea after consuming dairy is likely to benefit from which dietary modification?

[a] A low-purine diet.

[b] A gluten-free diet.

[c] A lactose-restricted or lactose-free diet.

[d] A high-fiber diet.

A patient is taking the anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin). What is the most important dietary instruction the nurse should provide?

[a] Avoid all green leafy vegetables.

[b] Increase the intake of citrus fruits.

[c] Maintain a consistent intake of Vitamin K-containing foods.

[d] Follow a low-protein diet.

A low-residue diet is ordered for a patient. The nurse understands the primary goal of this diet is to:

[a] Increase stool bulk and promote laxation.

[b] Provide a high level of vitamins and minerals.

[c] Decrease the volume and frequency of stools to allow the bowel to heal.

[d] Eliminate all sources of protein from the diet.