Role of nurse in caring a sick child, Paediatric procedures
Time: 15:00
The philosophy of family-centered care is best demonstrated when the nurse:
[a] Limits parental visiting hours to allow the child to rest.
[b] Involves the parents in planning and providing care for their child.
[c] Makes all care decisions based on their professional judgment alone.
[d] Provides instructions to the parents only at the time of discharge.
Which action by the nurse is a prime example of applying the principle of "atraumatic care" before starting an IV on a 6-year-old?
[a] Telling the child the procedure will not hurt at all.
[b] Performing the procedure in the child's "safe space," such as their bed.
[c] Applying a topical anesthetic cream to the potential insertion site 30-60 minutes prior.
[d] Asking another nurse to firmly hold the child down to get it over with quickly.
When preparing a toddler for a procedure, the most effective communication strategy is to:
[a] Provide a detailed explanation of the procedure a day in advance.
[b] Use simple, concrete terms and demonstrate on a doll just before the procedure.
[c] Explain the long-term benefits of the procedure to the child.
[d] Use complex medical terminology to be accurate.
Which site is preferred for an intramuscular (IM) injection in an infant under 12 months of age?
[a] Deltoid.
[b] Dorsogluteal.
[c] Vastus lateralis.
[d] Ventrogluteal.
The primary goal of using therapeutic play with a hospitalized child is to:
[a] Keep the child entertained and quiet.
[b] Assess the child's developmental level for the physician.
[c] Allow the child to express feelings and cope with the stress of illness.
[d] Teach the child's parents how to perform medical procedures.
To administer an oral medication to an infant, the nurse should place the liquid:
[a] On the back of the tongue to prevent spitting it out.
[b] In small amounts into the side of the mouth (buccal pouch).
[c] Mixed in a full bottle of formula to ensure intake.
[d] At the front of the mouth to allow the infant to swallow easily.
What is the most reliable method for confirming the placement of a newly inserted nasogastric (NG) tube?
[a] Auscultating for a rush of air over the stomach after injecting air.
[b] Checking the pH of the gastric aspirate.
[c] Obtaining a chest/abdominal X-ray.
[d] Measuring the external length of the tube.
When assessing pain in a non-verbal 4-year-old child, which pain scale would be most appropriate?
[a] Numeric Rating Scale (0-10).
[b] CRIES scale (for neonates).
[c] FACES Pain Rating Scale.
[d] PIPP (Premature Infant Pain Profile).
A nurse assessing a child's IV site notices swelling, coolness, and pallor at the location. The nurse correctly identifies this as a sign of:
[a] Phlebitis.
[b] Infiltration.
[c] A normal functioning IV.
[d] An infection.
What is the nurse's primary role as a patient advocate for a sick child?
[a] Following all physician orders without question.
[b] Prioritizing hospital policies over the family's wishes.
[c] Ensuring the child's and family's needs and wishes are heard and addressed.
[d] Limiting information given to the family to reduce their anxiety.
When preparing a child for a lumbar puncture, the nurse should place the child in which position?
[a] Supine with the head flat.
[b] Prone with a pillow under the abdomen.
[c] Side-lying with the head flexed and knees drawn up to the chest (C-shape).
[d] Trendelenburg position.
The use of mummy restraints or a papoose board is most appropriate for which situation?
[a] To punish a child for misbehaving.
[b] To safely immobilize an infant or young child for a short procedure on the head or neck.
[c] As a long-term solution for a child who is trying to climb out of bed.
[d] Whenever a child refuses to take their medication.
To obtain a urine specimen from an infant who is not toilet-trained, the most appropriate method is:
[a] Waiting for the infant to void on the diaper and wringing it out.
[b] Performing an immediate in-and-out catheterization.
[c] Applying a sterile self-adhesive urine collection bag to the perineum.
[d] Holding a specimen cup and waiting for the infant to void.
The most accurate way to measure the heart rate of an infant is to count the:
[a] Radial pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2.
[b] Brachial pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 4.
[c] Apical pulse for one full minute.
[d] Carotid pulse for one full minute.
A school-age child expresses fear about an upcoming surgery. An effective nursing intervention is to:
[a] Tell the child that big kids don't get scared.
[b] Ask the parents to leave so the child can be brave.
[c] Use simple diagrams and allow the child to handle some of the equipment.
[d] Avoid talking about the surgery to prevent anxiety.
Which oxygen delivery method is best for a toddler who needs low-flow oxygen but will not tolerate a nasal cannula or mask?
[a] Non-rebreather mask.
[b] Venturi mask.
[c] A face tent or the "blow-by" method.
[d] An oxygen hood.
Using a blood pressure cuff that is too small for a child's arm will likely result in:
[a] A falsely high reading.
[b] A falsely low reading.
[c] An accurate reading.
[d] Inability to obtain a reading.
When a 10-year-old child is asked if they are willing to participate in a clinical procedure after their parents have given permission, the nurse is obtaining:
[a] Informed consent.
[b] Assent.
[c] Medical emancipation.
[d] Legal guardianship.
Which of the following is an example of a non-pharmacological pain management technique for an infant?
[a] Administering acetaminophen.
[b] Applying a lidocaine cream.
[c] Offering a pacifier dipped in sucrose solution.
[d] Using guided imagery.
When caring for a sick child with a poor appetite, the nurse should recommend:
[a] Forcing the child to eat three large meals a day.
[b] Withholding all food until the child feels better.
[c] Offering small, frequent meals and snacks of preferred foods.
[d] Providing only milk, as it has the most calories.
The highest priority for a nurse when admitting a child to the hospital is to:
[a] Complete all the admission paperwork.
[b] Orient the family to the cafeteria hours.
[c] Perform a baseline assessment and ensure safety measures are in place.
[d] Place a television in the child's room.
When collecting a throat swab from a young child, the nurse should:
[a] Ask the child to say "moo" to raise the uvula.
[b] Work quickly and swab the tonsillar area without touching the tongue or teeth.
[c] Suction the child's mouth before swabbing.
[d] Allow the child to perform the swab on themselves to reduce fear.
When a nurse is teaching parents how to administer a new medication at home, their role is primarily that of an:
[a] Advocate.
[b] Administrator.
[c] Educator.
[d] Assessor.
When initiating IV therapy in an infant, which sites are commonly used?
[a] The antecubital fossa and femoral vein.
[b] The jugular and subclavian veins.
[c] Veins in the hand, foot, and scalp.
[d] Arteries in the wrist and ankle.
What is the most critical safety check a nurse must perform before administering any medication to a child?
[a] Asking the parent if the child has taken the medication before.
[b] Checking the medication's expiration date.
[c] Verifying the correct dose based on the child's current weight (mg/kg).
[d] Ensuring the medication is not a brightly colored liquid.
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