Medical and surgical asepsis, isolation precaution, barrier nursing, hand washing, isolation, personal protective equipment,its uses, types, techniques of wearing and removing. transportation of infected patient.
Time: 15:00
What is the primary goal of surgical asepsis (sterile technique)?
[a] To reduce the number of microorganisms in an area.
[b] To create an environment completely free of all microorganisms and their spores.
[c] To clean equipment between patient uses.
[d] To prevent the transmission of disease through handwashing.
In which situation is handwashing with soap and water mandatory over the use of an alcohol-based hand rub?
[a] After taking a patient's blood pressure.
[b] Before administering oral medications.
[c] When caring for a patient with *Clostridioides difficile* (C. diff).
[d] Before and after routine patient contact when hands are not visibly soiled.
What is the correct sequence for donning (putting on) full Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
A patient is admitted with seasonal influenza. Which type of isolation precautions should the nurse initiate?
[a] Contact Precautions
[b] Droplet Precautions
[c] Airborne Precautions
[d] Standard Precautions only
A patient has a confirmed diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. In addition to Standard Precautions, the nurse must implement:
[a] Contact Precautions
[b] Droplet Precautions
[c] Airborne Precautions
[d] Protective Environment Precautions
A nurse is caring for a patient with an open wound infected with Methicillin-resistant *Staphylococcus aureus* (MRSA). Which isolation precaution is essential?
[a] Contact Precautions
[b] Droplet Precautions
[c] Airborne Precautions
[d] Reverse Isolation
Which of the following is a key practice of medical asepsis (clean technique)?
[a] Sterilizing all equipment in the patient's room.
[b] Performing hand hygiene between patient encounters.
[c] Keeping the door to the patient's room closed at all times.
[d] Wearing sterile gloves for all patient care.
The primary purpose of a nurse wearing gloves is to:
[a] Prevent the nurse from getting cold.
[b] Replace the need for hand hygiene.
[c] Keep the patient from touching the nurse's hands.
[d] Protect the nurse's hands from contact with potentially infectious materials.
A nurse is setting up a sterile field to perform a dressing change. Which action would contaminate the sterile field?
[a] Opening a sterile package away from the body.
[b] Keeping the sterile field above waist level.
[c] Reaching over the sterile field to adjust overhead lighting.
[d] Pouring sterile solution into a basin without splashing.
The fundamental principle of "barrier nursing" is to:
[a] Prevent the spread of microorganisms by creating a physical barrier between the patient and others.
[b] Ensure all nurses are immune to common hospital infections.
[c] Isolate the patient from all human contact, including family.
[d] Use only verbal communication to avoid touching the patient.
What is the priority infection control measure when transporting a patient who is on Droplet Precautions?
[a] The nurse transporting the patient must wear an N95 respirator.
[b] The transport route must be completely cleared of all other people.
[c] The patient must wear an N95 respirator.
[d] The patient must wear a surgical mask.
A fit-tested N95 respirator mask is required as PPE for healthcare workers under which circumstance?
[a] When entering the room of a patient with suspected or confirmed tuberculosis.
[b] When providing care for a patient with influenza.
[c] During any procedure that may generate a splash of blood.
[d] When caring for a patient with MRSA.
What is the minimum recommended time a nurse should spend performing hand hygiene with soap and water?
[a] 5 seconds
[b] 10 seconds
[c] 20 seconds
[d] 60 seconds
Standard Precautions should be used by healthcare workers:
[a] Only for patients with a known bloodborne pathogen.
[b] Only for patients who are in isolation.
[c] Only when hands are visibly soiled.
[d] For all patients, regardless of their diagnosis or presumed infection status.
To prevent the spread of microorganisms, where should used PPE be doffed (removed)?
[a] In the hallway just outside the patient's room.
[b] Inside the patient's room, just before exiting.
[c] In the clean utility room.
[d] At the nurses' station.
Which principle of surgical asepsis is correct?
[a] A sterile object remains sterile only when touched by another sterile object.
[b] A sterile field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air.
[c] A sterile object held below the waist is considered contaminated.
[d] All of the above are correct.
The nurse should be particularly aware of which potential psychological impact on a patient placed in isolation precautions?
[a] Increased appetite.
[b] Feelings of loneliness and social isolation.
[c] A heightened sense of security.
[d] An improved ability to sleep without interruption.
When is a fluid-resistant gown most essential as part of PPE?
[a] When taking a patient's vital signs.
[b] During a procedure that is likely to generate splashes or sprays of body fluids.
[c] When entering the room of a patient on Airborne Precautions.
[d] When delivering a food tray to a patient.
The term "clean technique" is another name for:
[a] Medical asepsis.
[b] Surgical asepsis.
[c] Standard Precautions.
[d] Sterilization.
What is the scientific rationale for using friction when washing hands with soap and water?
[a] It helps the soap lather more effectively.
[b] It warms the skin to kill bacteria.
[c] It mechanically dislodges dirt and microorganisms from the skin.
[d] It reduces the time needed for handwashing.
In the sequence for doffing PPE, why are gloves typically removed first?
[a] They are considered the most contaminated piece of PPE.
[b] It allows the nurse to write documentation immediately.
[c] It makes it easier to untie the gown.
[d] It is the only way to remove the gown properly.
When establishing a sterile field using a wrapped sterile kit, which area is considered contaminated?
[a] The entire top surface of the drape.
[b] Any part that gets wet.
[c] The center of the drape where instruments are placed.
[d] The outer 1-inch border of the sterile drape.
What is the minimum essential PPE a nurse must wear when entering the room of a patient on Contact Precautions for *C. difficile*?
[a] Gloves only.
[b] Gown and gloves.
[c] Surgical mask and gloves.
[d] Gown, gloves, and an N95 respirator.
Before transporting an infected patient out of their room, the nurse must ensure that:
[a] All other patients are returned to their rooms.
[b] The receiving department has been sterilized.
[c] Any draining wounds are covered with a clean dressing and appropriate barriers are used.
[d] The patient's family has been notified of the transport.
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