Cost and financing of health care services in India, national health plans, role of state and central government in allocation of funds, health insurance
Time: 15:00
What is the largest component of total health expenditure in India?
[a] Central Government spending.
[b] State Government spending.
[c] Private health insurance.
[d] Out-of-pocket expenditure by households.
The flagship health initiative launched in 2018, which includes Health and Wellness Centres and the PM-JAY insurance scheme, is called:
[a] National Rural Health Mission (NRHM).
[b] Ayushman Bharat.
[c] Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK).
[d] National Health Policy, 2002.
In the Indian constitution, "Public Health" is primarily a responsibility of the:
[a] Central Government (Union List).
[b] State Government (State List).
[c] Both Central and State Governments (Concurrent List).
[d] Local Municipal Bodies only.
The Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) component of Ayushman Bharat primarily provides:
[a] Free medicines at government pharmacies.
[b] Health and wellness coaching.
[c] Health insurance coverage for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization.
[d] Free primary care consultations at private clinics.
High "Out-of-Pocket Expenditure" (OOPE) is a major concern in India because it can lead to:
[a] Increased government revenue.
[b] Better quality of care in private hospitals.
[c] Catastrophic health expenditure and poverty.
[d] A decrease in the demand for health insurance.
The National Health Mission (NHM), a major national plan, is composed of which two sub-missions?
[a] Urban Health Mission and Child Health Mission.
[b] National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and National Urban Health Mission (NUHM).
[c] Primary Health Mission and Tertiary Health Mission.
[d] Communicable Disease Mission and Non-Communicable Disease Mission.
Which government body is primarily responsible for formulating national health policies and allocating central funds for health schemes?
[a] The Indian Nursing Council (INC).
[b] The National Health Authority (NHA).
[c] The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
[d] The State Health Department.
What is the nurse's most important role in helping an eligible patient utilize a government health insurance scheme like PM-JAY in the hospital?
[a] Deciding if the patient is eligible for the scheme.
[b] Paying the insurance premium for the patient.
[c] Ensuring accurate documentation and guiding the patient to the hospital's help desk (Arogya Mitra).
[d] Choosing the surgical procedure for the patient.
The financing of public health services in India is a combined effort, but which level of government typically bears the larger share of total public health spending?
[a] Central Government.
[b] State Governments.
[c] Local Municipal Bodies.
[d] International aid agencies.
The establishment of Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) under Ayushman Bharat aims to shift the focus of healthcare towards:
[a] Only maternal and child health.
[b] Exclusively tertiary care.
[c] Comprehensive primary healthcare and wellness.
[d] Palliative care services.
Schemes like the Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS) and Employees' State Insurance Scheme (ESIS) are examples of:
[a] Universal health insurance for all citizens.
[b] Social health insurance for specific groups of employees.
[c] Private, voluntary health insurance.
[d] Community-based health insurance.
The primary responsibility for the day-to-day management of Primary Health Centres (PHCs) and District Hospitals lies with the:
[a] Central Government.
[b] World Health Organization (WHO).
[c] Private sector.
[d] State Government.
"Catastrophic health expenditure" refers to health spending that:
[a] Is fully covered by insurance.
[b] Is less than 10% of a household's income.
[c] Exceeds a certain threshold of a household's income, threatening its financial stability.
[d] Occurs only in private, for-profit hospitals.
The National Health Policy of 2017 sets a target to increase public health expenditure to what percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?
[a] 1.0%
[b] 1.5%
[c] 2.5%
[d] 5.0%
What is a 'premium' in the context of health insurance?
[a] The amount the hospital charges for a service.
[b] The total sum insured under a policy.
[c] The regular payment made to keep an insurance policy active.
[d] A bonus paid by the insurance company for not making a claim.
The term "public health sector" in India refers to health services provided by:
[a] Charitable trusts and NGOs.
[b] Private, for-profit hospitals.
[c] Government-owned facilities.
[d] All hospitals that accept government insurance.
The Central Government plays a key role in health by:
[a] Managing the day-to-day operations of all Primary Health Centres.
[b] Directly paying the salaries of all state-level doctors and nurses.
[c] Coordinating national disease control programs and setting health standards.
[d] Building all rural health infrastructure.
The process where a hospital directly bills an insurance company for a patient's approved treatment, without the patient paying the full amount upfront, is called:
[a] Reimbursement.
[b] Cashless facility.
[c] Co-payment.
[d] Deductible.
The creation of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) was a key workforce strategy under which national program?
[a] The National Health Policy, 2017.
[b] Ayushman Bharat.
[c] The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM).
[d] The Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS).
The single largest component of out-of-pocket health expenditure in India is on:
[a] Hospital beds.
[b] Surgical fees.
[c] Medicines.
[d] Diagnostic tests.
When a new national immunization guideline is released, it is typically developed by the ________ and implemented by the ________.
[a] State Government; Central Government.
[b] World Health Organization; Private Hospitals.
[c] Central Government; State Governments.
[d] Indian Nursing Council; District Hospitals.
A nurse's careful and accurate documentation of a patient's diagnosis and procedures is crucial for:
[a] Deciding the insurance premium.
[b] Helping the patient choose an insurance plan.
[c] Justifying the medical necessity of services for smooth insurance claims processing.
[d] Renewing the hospital's license.
The two main streams of healthcare financing in India are:
[a] Urban and Rural.
[b] Foreign aid and Domestic.
[c] Public (government) and Private (including out-of-pocket).
[d] Primary care and Tertiary care.
The historical Five-Year Plans in India served what purpose in the health sector?
[a] To privatize all government hospitals.
[b] To set daily patient care targets for nurses.
[c] To set long-term goals and allocate resources for health infrastructure and programs.
[d] To regulate the price of medicines.
'Empanelment' of a hospital for an insurance scheme means that the hospital:
[a] Is owned by the government.
[b] Has been approved by an insurance company or government scheme to provide services to its beneficiaries.
[c] Only treats patients with private insurance.
[d] Provides free care to all patients.
Legislation in nursing, profession and related organisations.
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