Scope and trends in midwifery, vital statistics related to maternal health in India | Mock Test | Staff Nurse | Guides Academy

Scope and trends in midwifery, vital statistics related to maternal health in India.

Time: 15:00

Which of the following best defines the primary scope of midwifery practice?

[a] To assist obstetricians only during high-risk surgical deliveries.

[b] To provide care only to the newborn infant after birth.

[c] To provide comprehensive care to women during pregnancy, labour, birth, and the postpartum period.

[d] To manage gynaecological disorders in women of all ages.

The Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) in India is officially defined and expressed as the number of maternal deaths per:

[a] 1,000 live births.

[b] 1,000 total births (live and stillbirths).

[c] 100,000 total population.

[d] 100,000 live births.

A major emerging trend in midwifery that emphasizes the woman's right to dignity, privacy, and freedom from mistreatment during childbirth is known as:

[a] Technology-driven maternity care.

[b] Defensive midwifery practice.

[c] Respectful Maternity Care (RMC).

[d] Traditional birth attendance.

According to recent data from India, what remains the leading direct cause of maternal mortality?

[a] Sepsis.

[b] Postpartum Haemorrhage (PPH).

[c] Obstructed labour.

[d] Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (e.g., eclampsia).

A Midwifery-Led Care Unit (MLCU) is a healthcare setting where:

[a] All high-risk and low-risk deliveries are managed by obstetricians.

[b] Only postnatal care is provided by midwives.

[c] Midwives are the lead professionals for the care of healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies.

[d] Caesarean sections are performed by midwives.

The Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is a vital statistic that measures the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per:

[a] 1,000 live births.

[b] 1,000 pregnant women.

[c] 100,000 live births.

[d] 1,000 total population.

The introduction of the Nurse Practitioner in Midwifery (NPM) cadre in India aims to:

[a] Replace the role of obstetricians in tertiary care hospitals.

[b] Focus solely on family planning services.

[c] Create a specialized group of skilled midwives to improve quality of care and manage MLCUs.

[d] Limit the scope of practice for existing ANMs and Staff Nurses.

The period from birth up to 28 completed days of life is known as the:

[a] Perinatal period.

[b] Postnatal period.

[c] Infancy period.

[d] Neonatal period.

An evidence-based midwifery practice for managing the second stage of labour for a low-risk mother includes:

[a] Requiring the mother to be in a strict lithotomy (supine) position.

[b] Performing a routine episiotomy on all primigravida mothers.

[c] Using continuous electronic fetal monitoring.

[d] Encouraging freedom of movement and choice of birthing position.

What has been the general trend of the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) in India over the last two decades?

[a] It has remained stagnant.

[b] It has shown a significant increase.

[c] It has shown a significant and steady decline.

[d] It fluctuated wildly with no clear trend.

The "LaQshya" initiative by the Government of India is a quality improvement program focused on:

[a] Improving nutrition for adolescent girls.

[b] Increasing the number of medical colleges.

[c] Reducing preventable mortality and morbidity in and around labour rooms and maternity OTs.

[d] Promoting the use of telemedicine in rural areas.

The Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) measures the number of deaths of newborns within the first:

[a] 7 days of life.

[b] 28 days of life.

[c] 3 months of life.

[d] 1 year of life.

Which of the following is an expanded role for a modern midwife beyond just delivery?

[a] Performing caesarean sections.

[b] Providing family planning counseling and services.

[c] Prescribing medications for chronic diseases like diabetes.

[d] Managing the hospital's administrative budget.

The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), a demand promotion scheme, was launched primarily to:

[a] Provide free medicines to all pregnant women.

[b] Reduce maternal and neonatal mortality by promoting institutional delivery.

[c] Offer free nutrition supplements to newborns.

[d] Build new hospitals in urban areas.

The Perinatal Mortality Rate (PMR) includes which of the following deaths?

[a] Maternal deaths and infant deaths up to 1 year.

[b] Neonatal deaths and post-neonatal deaths.

[c] Late fetal deaths (stillbirths) and early neonatal deaths.

[d] Deaths of children under the age of five.

A key aspect of a midwife's collaborative role is the ability to:

[a] Manage all high-risk pregnancies independently.

[b] Make decisions for the mother without her input.

[c] Identify deviations from normal and make timely referrals to obstetricians.

[d] Supervise the work of specialist doctors.

The term "institutional delivery" refers to childbirth that takes place:

[a] At home with a skilled birth attendant.

[b] In a public or private health facility.

[c] At home with a traditional birth attendant (Dai).

[d] In any institution, including a home or health facility.

The "Continuum of Care" concept in midwifery and maternal health emphasizes:

[a] Providing care only during the intrapartum period.

[b] Focusing all resources on the newborn infant.

[c] A seamless link of services from pre-pregnancy, through pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period.

[d] The transfer of care from midwives to doctors after delivery.

The Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) expanded on JSY by entitling pregnant women and sick neonates to:

[a] A one-time cash incentive.

[b] Only free delivery services.

[c] Absolutely free and no-expense services, including transport, drugs, and diet.

[d] Post-delivery care in private hospitals.

The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of a population is defined as the:

[a] Total number of live births in a year.

[b] Average number of children a woman would bear in her lifetime.

[c] Percentage of women who are currently pregnant.

[d] Number of births per 1,000 population.

A modern midwife's role in the postnatal period includes screening for and managing:

[a] Long-term chronic diseases.

[b] Financial issues in the family.

[c] Postpartum depression.

[d] Gynaecological cancers.

A significant reason for the decline in India's MMR is the increase in:

[a] Home births with traditional attendants.

[b] The number of caesarean sections.

[c] Skilled birth attendance and access to emergency obstetric care.

[d] The use of fertility treatments.

What is the primary goal of the Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA)?

[a] To provide financial assistance for every delivery.

[b] To provide a fixed day (9th of every month) for free, quality antenatal care to all pregnant women.

[c] To ensure all newborns receive vaccination within 24 hours.

[d] To offer free family planning services to all couples.

The three delays model that contributes to maternal mortality includes delay in seeking care, delay in reaching a facility, and:

[a] Delay in getting paid for delivery.

[b] Delay in naming the baby.

[c] Delay in receiving adequate care at the facility.

[d] Delay in starting postnatal exercises.

The scope of a midwife's practice is legally and professionally defined by:

[a] The policies of the specific hospital they work in.

[b] The preferences of the obstetricians they work with.

[c] Their own personal comfort level with procedures.

[d] The country's nursing and midwifery council regulations and competency standards.

Legislation in nursing, profession and related organisations.