Management of patients with breast disorders | Mock Test | Staff Nurse | Guides Academy
Time: 15:00
A premenopausal woman describes cyclic, bilateral breast pain and nodularity that worsens before her period. The nurse recognizes these as common symptoms of:
[a] Breast cancer.
[b] Mastitis.
[c] Fibrocystic breast changes.
[d] A fibroadenoma.
What is the most important instruction for a nurse to give a patient who has had a mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection?
[a] "Keep the affected arm elevated on two pillows for the first week only."
[b] "It is important to avoid lifting anything heavier than 2 kg with your unaffected arm."
[c] "You should never allow blood pressures, injections, or blood draws on the affected arm."
[d] "Arm exercises should be avoided to prevent swelling."
Which assessment finding of a breast lump is most characteristic of breast cancer?
[a] A soft, mobile, and well-defined mass.
[b] A tender, fluid-filled cyst that changes with the menstrual cycle.
[c] A hard, irregular, and non-mobile mass.
[d] Bilateral, symmetrical nodularity.
A breastfeeding mother presents with a warm, reddened, and painful wedge-shaped area on her breast, along with a fever. The nurse should suspect:
[a] Engorgement.
[b] A plugged duct.
[c] Mastitis.
[d] Inflammatory breast cancer.
What is the definitive method for diagnosing breast cancer?
[a] Mammography.
[b] A clinical breast examination.
[c] A breast ultrasound.
[d] A tissue biopsy.
A young woman is diagnosed with a fibroadenoma. The nurse can describe this lump as a:
[a] Malignant, rapidly growing tumor.
[b] Painful, fluid-filled sac.
[c] Benign, solid, and often mobile mass.
[d] Pre-cancerous lesion.
What is the best time for a premenopausal woman to perform a breast self-exam (BSE)?
[a] On the first day of her menstrual period.
[b] About one week after her menstrual period ends.
[c] During ovulation, around day 14 of her cycle.
[d] On the same day each month, regardless of her cycle.
A patient is receiving external beam radiation therapy after a lumpectomy. What is the most important skin care instruction the nurse should provide?
[a] "Scrub the area vigorously with soap and water to keep it clean."
[b] "Apply ice packs to the area to reduce redness."
[c] "Avoid using lotions, powders, or deodorants on the treated skin unless prescribed."
[d] "Expose the area to sunlight for at least 15 minutes a day to promote healing."
The primary purpose of a Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) is to:
[a] Remove all the lymph nodes in the axilla.
[b] Treat lymphedema.
[c] Identify the first few lymph nodes into which a tumor drains to check for metastasis.
[d] Relieve pain caused by enlarged lymph nodes.
A patient is taking tamoxifen for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. The nurse should instruct the patient to report which serious side effect immediately?
[a] Mild nausea.
[b] Hot flashes.
[c] Unilateral leg pain and swelling.
[d] Vaginal dryness.
What is a priority nursing diagnosis for a patient in the immediate postoperative period following a modified radical mastectomy?
[a] Ineffective coping.
[b] Risk for disturbed body image.
[c] Risk for situational low self-esteem.
[d] Acute pain and risk for bleeding.
A patient is being discharged with a Jackson-Pratt drain after breast surgery. The nurse must teach the patient how to:
[a] Irrigate the drain with sterile saline daily.
[b] Remove the drain at home once the drainage stops.
[c] Empty the drain, measure the output, and compress the bulb to re-establish suction.
[d] Change the drain tubing every other day.
The primary reason to encourage arm and shoulder exercises after a mastectomy is to:
[a] Increase muscle mass in the affected arm.
[b] Prevent the development of lymphedema.
[c] Restore full range of motion and prevent a "frozen shoulder."
[d] Improve the cosmetic appearance of the surgical site.
Which patient has the most significant non-modifiable risk factor for developing breast cancer?
[a] A 45-year-old woman who is obese.
[b] A 50-year-old woman who drinks alcohol daily.
[c] A 30-year-old woman who had her first child at age 28.
[d] A 65-year-old woman with a BRCA1 gene mutation.
A patient with inflammatory breast cancer often presents with a peau d'orange appearance of the skin, which is caused by:
[a] An underlying infection.
[b] A skin reaction to a tumor.
[c] Blockage of the dermal lymphatic channels.
[d] Nipple retraction.
What is the most therapeutic nursing approach when a patient expresses fear and anxiety about a new diagnosis of breast cancer?
[a] "Don't worry, breast cancer is very treatable these days."
[b] "I know exactly how you feel."
[c] "This must be very difficult for you. Would you like to talk about it?"
[d] "You need to stay positive to fight this."
A patient is scheduled for a mammogram. The nurse should instruct her to avoid which of the following on the day of the procedure?
[a] Drinking caffeinated beverages.
[b] Taking a shower or bath.
[c] Using deodorant, antiperspirant, or lotion on her upper body.
[d] Wearing a comfortable, supportive bra.
Which biopsy procedure involves the removal of the entire suspicious lump of tissue?
[a] Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy.
[b] Core needle biopsy.
[c] Excisional biopsy.
[d] Incisional biopsy.
A patient receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer has a neutrophil count of 800/mm³. The nurse should prioritize interventions to:
[a] Prevent bleeding.
[b] Conserve the patient's energy.
[c] Prevent infection.
[d] Manage nausea and vomiting.
What is gynecomastia?
[a] A rare and aggressive form of male breast cancer.
[b] An infection of the male breast tissue.
[c] A benign, temporary enlargement of breast tissue in males.
[d] A congenital absence of breast tissue in males.
Post-mastectomy pain syndrome is a chronic condition that can be described as:
[a] Acute surgical site pain in the first 48 hours.
[b] Swelling and heaviness in the arm.
[c] A persistent tingling, burning, or shooting pain in the chest, axilla, or arm.
[d] A psychological pain related to loss of the breast.
Which type of breast reconstruction uses the patient's own tissue (e.g., from the abdomen) to create a new breast mound?
[a] Implant-based reconstruction.
[b] Autologous flap reconstruction.
[c] Nipple-sparing mastectomy.
[d] Saline expander placement.
A patient has a breast abscess. The nurse anticipates that the primary treatment will involve antibiotics and:
[a] Application of cold compresses.
[b] A mammogram.
[c] Incision and drainage.
[d] A course of hormonal therapy.
A priority psychosocial nursing diagnosis for a patient who has undergone a mastectomy is:
[a] Anxiety.
[b] Ineffective coping.
[c] Social isolation.
[d] Disturbed body image.
Nursing management for a patient with fibrocystic breast changes should include teaching the patient to:
[a] Prepare for imminent surgery.
[b] Stop performing breast self-exams to avoid anxiety.
[c] Wear a supportive bra and consider reducing caffeine intake.
[d] Expect the lumps to disappear completely after menopause.
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